I have developed exercises aimed at teaching state mandated material, and will post them as I finish converting them to web format:
 

• Natural and Manmade: (Kindergarten)  You're never too young to start collecting rocks, but some things that look like rocks weren't made by nature.

• Characteristics of rocks you can find: (1st - 3rd grades)  "Hard as a rock" doesn't always mean what you think it does.

• Dead or Extinct?(2nd - 3rd grades)  We find a lot of fossils here in middle Tennessee.  These animals are clearly dead, but are they also extinct?  How can we know for sure?

• Identifying fossils:(4th grade)  What are the fossils you can find in middle Tennessee?  Can you tell a mollusk from a brachiopod?  What do you see when you look at a bryozoan under a hand lens?

• Reconstructing ancient environments: (4th grade) What did our fossils look like when they were alive?  How do we figure it out? What color were bryozoans or crinoids?

• Telling geologic time using stratigraphy: (6th grade) What do the rock layers exposed in middle Tennessee tell us about our geologic history.

• Plate Tectonics from the Middle of the Plate (9th-12th grade)  By studying volcanic ash found in Nashville, we can learn a great deal about volcanoes and about plate tectonics. (PDF file)

• Fossil Formation (8th grade) The fossils that we see are the remains of ancient organisms, but are the product of a long and complex process.

• Evolution:  (high school biology) Does the fossil record contain within it a history of the development of life on earth, or is it random, the result of a single worldwide catastrophe?  I'll bring the fossils.  You be the judge.
• Mapping Karst: (6th-8th grade) Much of Tennessee lies over limestone. Limestone creates many interesting featurees. Use maps to explore them.
• Learning from the Cedar Glades: (6th-8th grade) How geology affects growing conditions for plants and other orgaisms.

For Teachers: The newly approved K-8 Science Curriculum Framework specifies what  students should be learning in each grade.  Below is listed the geology that they should learn.
 

Grade	Curriculum Framework
Kindergarten	Recognize that there are a variety of earth materials, which have basic observable and measurable properties (Recognize a variety of earth materials (e.g., rocks, pebbles, sand) Realize that earth materials can be recycled or conserved (classify objects as natural or manmade)
First Grade	Identify the earth's major geological features, such as islands, mountains, oceans and lakes. (Distinguish between  land and water environments) Recognize that there are a variety of earth materials, which have basic observable and measurable properties (Use observable properties to distinguish among a variety of earth materials) Realize that earth materials can be recycled or conserved.  (Identify ways that earth resources benefit man
Second Grade	Identify the earth's major geological features, such as islands, mountains, oceans, and lakes (Recognize the earth's major geological  features (e.g., continents, oceans, lakes) Recognize that there are a variety of earth materials, which have basic observable and measurable properties. (a) Recognize the components of soil and sand. (b) Observe the properties of soil and sand Realize that earth materials can be recycled or conserved (a) Identify various methods to conserve earth resources e.g. soil, trees, water Recognize that some animals that once lived are no longer found on earth.
Third Grade	Identify the earth's major geological features: (a) Compare and contrast a variety of different landforms and bodies of water. Recognize that there are a variety of earth materials, which have basic observable and measurable properties (a) Explain the relationship between rocks and minerals. (b) Identify common types of rocks and minerals Realize that earth materials can be recycled or conserved (a) Identify minerals and resources that can be reused. Recognize that some plants and animals that once lived are no longer found on earth (a) Give examples of organisms that have become extinct.
Fourth Grade	Recognize that the earth's geological features change.  (a) Observe and describe how wind and water change the earth's geological features. Recognize that earth  resources have a variety of practical uses.  (a) Classify earth materials according to their use. Realize the difference between renewable and non-renewable resources. (a) Identify renewable and non-renewable resources. Know the basic characteristics of soils. (a) Identify the different components of soil Realize that fossils show connections between organisms that lived in the past and those that live in the present
Fifth Grade	Recognize that earth's features change. (a) Explain how certain forces cause changes in the the earth's geological features (i.e. wind, water, plate tectonics) Know the earth is composed of different layers. (construct a model that depicts the layers of the earth. Recognize that earth resources have a variety of practical uses. (a) Choose the appropriate use for an earth material (e.g. fuel, monument, house foundation) Realize the difference between renewable and non-renewable resources.  Know the basic characteristics of soils. (a) Describe the process of soil formation (b) Identify soil characteristics that best support plant growth Realize that fossils show connections between organisms that lived in the past and those that live in the present. (a) Explain how fossils provide information about the past.
Sixth Grade	Investigate the fossil evidence found in sedimentary layers (a) Differentiate between the relative ages of fossils in a sedimentary rock diagram.  Determine the geologic age of an object using a diagram or a time line. Recognize various types of evidence, which indicate that life forms have changed over time.   (a) Identify additional lines of scientific evidence, other than fossils that support the idea of change over time. Reason how environmental changes are associated with the extinction of a species. (a) Predict how a specific environmental change might affect the survival of a plant or animal species. (b) Evaluate possible causes of extinction (biology curriculum)
Eighth Grade	Understand the characteristics of the earth's layers and the location of major plates (a) Differentiate among earth layers according to their physical properties. (b) Illustrate major plate boundaries. Describe the forces and processes that shape the earth.  (a) Demonstrate how plate movements cause major geological events. (ba) Compare and contrast processes that shape the earth in the past with those shaping the earth today. (e.g. plate movements, human activity, mountain building) Investigate the characteristics of minerals and their uses. (a) Distinguish between common minerals found in rock samples using test kits, descriptive charts etc. (b) Discuss how various minerals are used. Describe the rock cycle.  (a) Label a diagram depicting the components and understand the processes of the rock cycle. (b) Discuss how fossils are used to understand the earth's past. Investigate how human activities affect the earth's land, oceans, and atmosphere.  (a) Analyze and evaluate the impact of man's use of earth's resources. (b) Research how technological advances have impacted the environment (e.g. the use of fertilizers, fossil fuels) Examine different types of energy resources and their importance to man.  (a) Describe the different sources of energy used by man. (b) Analyze aspects of energy consumption by society. Analyze approaches to conserving energy and natural resources.  (a) Evaluate the effective of various conservation strategies on the earth's energy and natural resources.